g. (for
there are some words that seem to be of this origin) _hernyges_ for
horns, and _areter_ for priest. A word is said to be lengthened out,
when it has a short vowel made long, or an extra syllable inserted; e.
g. _polleos_ for _poleos_, _Peleiadeo_ for _Peleidon_. It is said to
be curtailed, when it has lost a part; e.g. _kri_, _do_, and _ops_ in
_mia ginetai amphoteron ops_. It is an altered word, when part is left
as it was and part is of the poet's making; e.g. _dexiteron_ for
_dexion_, in _dexiteron kata maxon_.
The Nouns themselves (to whatever class they may belong) are either
masculines, feminines, or intermediates (neuter). All ending in N, P,
S, or in the two compounds of this last, PS and X, are masculines. All
ending in the invariably long vowels, H and O, and in A among the
vowels that may be long, are feminines. So that there is an equal
number of masculine and feminine terminations, as PS and X are the
same as S, and need not be counted. There is no Noun, however, ending
in a mute or i.e.ther of the two short vowels, E and O. Only three
(_meli, kommi, peperi_) end in I, and five in T.
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