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Aristotle, 384 BC-322 BC

"Aristotle on the art of poetry"

Whereas the word 'man' or 'white' does not imply
_when_, 'walks' and 'has walked' involve in addition to the idea of
walking that of time present or time past.
(7) A Case of a Noun or Verb is when the word means 'of or 'to' a
thing, and so forth, or for one or many (e.g. 'man' and 'men'); or it
may consist merely in the mode of utterance, e.g. in question,
command, etc. 'Walked?' and 'Walk!' are Cases of the verb 'to walk' of
this last kind. (8) A Speech is a composite significant sound, some of
the parts of which have a certain significance by themselves. It may
be observed that a Speech is not always made up of Noun and Verb; it
may be without a Verb, like the definition of man; but it will always
have some part with a certain significance by itself. In the Speech
'Cleon walks', 'Cleon' is an instance of such a part. A Speech is said
to be one in two ways, either as signifying one thing, or as a union
of several Speeches made into one by conjunction. Thus the _Iliad_ is
one Speech by conjunction of several; and the definition of man is one
through its signifying one thing.


21

Nouns are of two kinds, either (1) simple, i.


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